China’s Leaders Embraced Reform to Stay In Power

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Revolution to Reform
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http://media.asiasociety.org/video/chinaboom/PP-ChinasLeaders.mp4
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Communism, as an ideology, was all but dead at that point, completely discredited.

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<p>I&rsquo;m in the camp that thinks the boom wouldn&rsquo;t have been possible, perhaps, without the Cultural Revolution; that that was such a disaster and so traumatic for the nation, that it allowed the leadership to do a 180 degree turn and embrace capitalism the way they did. If there had been no Cultural Revolution, I think it's quite conceivable that the government may not have launched the market reforms, that they would have pushed ahead and muddled along like many socialist states did in that period. I think it was because the Cultural Revolution was such a disaster, tens of millions of people died in famine and political violence and the country was torn apart, the economy was in shambles and I think communism, as an ideology, was all but dead at that point. It completely discredited it. And so, it was only because of that, I think, that the leadership had the courage, because if they wanted to survive and stay in power, I think it was their only choice to embrace market reforms the way they did. And they succeeded.</p>
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Philip Pan describes how the Cultural Revolution discredited communism to the point that it allowed, or perhaps even forced, China's leadership to "do an 180 degree turn" and embrace capitalism.